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<blockquote data-quote="astrodudepsu" data-source="post: 11668094" data-attributes="member: 52761"><p>Sure.</p><p></p><p>1. They shouldn't be brighter. The main energy transport mechanism just below the photosphere is Convection. Because sun spots are primarily magnetic events the strong magnetic fields prevent motion in a plasma (ionized gas). With the primary mechanism for energy transport damped, less energy comes to the surface in that area. Less energy = lower temperatures.</p><p></p><p>2. There is a difference between Thermal temperature and Kinetic temperature. The surface of last scattering of the sun has a thermal temperature of 5770K. This is temperature how most people think of it. It's actually that "hot" and if you stuck your hand in there you would feel all 5770 K of heat, very briefly, before you died.</p><p></p><p>The photosphere has a Kinetic temperature in the Millions of K. This value is more of a measure of the average kinetic energy in a SINGLE particle. But it's much much less dense than the surface of the sun. And so while an individual particle has more energy if you stuck your hand into what is essentially a vacuum you may only encounter 1 or 2 particles of that temperature. It would be far more cold than hot, because on average the space is empty, it's only populated by a few fast moving particles. </p><p></p><p>It's a little confusing at first because humans don't deal with the second form of temperature very often.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="astrodudepsu, post: 11668094, member: 52761"] Sure. 1. They shouldn't be brighter. The main energy transport mechanism just below the photosphere is Convection. Because sun spots are primarily magnetic events the strong magnetic fields prevent motion in a plasma (ionized gas). With the primary mechanism for energy transport damped, less energy comes to the surface in that area. Less energy = lower temperatures. 2. There is a difference between Thermal temperature and Kinetic temperature. The surface of last scattering of the sun has a thermal temperature of 5770K. This is temperature how most people think of it. It's actually that "hot" and if you stuck your hand in there you would feel all 5770 K of heat, very briefly, before you died. The photosphere has a Kinetic temperature in the Millions of K. This value is more of a measure of the average kinetic energy in a SINGLE particle. But it's much much less dense than the surface of the sun. And so while an individual particle has more energy if you stuck your hand into what is essentially a vacuum you may only encounter 1 or 2 particles of that temperature. It would be far more cold than hot, because on average the space is empty, it's only populated by a few fast moving particles. It's a little confusing at first because humans don't deal with the second form of temperature very often. [/QUOTE]
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